Originally from the field of Biology, in social science (human services) open systems are, by definition, complex systems interacting with their environments in complicated and often unpredictable ways. Open systems are dynamic, changing constantly in response to feedback and exchanges of energy from within and outside of an agency or entity. Leading in an open system requires adaptive (Heifetz, Grashow & Linsky, 2009) skills and techniques given their uncertainty and the need to manage complexity using team/self-regulation as well as other strategies.

Heifetz, R., Linsky, M., & Grashow, A. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership: Tools and tactics for changing your organization and the world. Harvard Business Press.